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P027: MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE ENDOSCOPIC TRANSORBITAL APPROACH: A CADAVERIC STUDY IN A LATIN AMERICAN POPULATION
Luis Carlos Avellaneda, MD^1,2; María Juliana Arteaga, MD³; Wilmer Ruiz, MD³; Dharma Arias, MS^1,4; Nicolás Arias, MS^1,3; Sarita Aristizabal Ortiz, MD^1,2; Diana Bel Rivas Caicedo, MD⁵; Lorena Garcia Agudelo, MSC⁶; Jorge Humberto Aristizabal, MD²; Edgar Ordoñez Rubiano, MD³; ¹Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fé de Bogotá, 1,21,201,21,21,2, Colombia; ²Neurosurgery Residency Program, Universidad el Bosque, 1,21,201,321,2, Colombia; ³School Of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, 1,21,201,21,21,2, Colombia; ⁴School Of Medicine, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, 080001,2, Colombia; ⁵National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Bogotá, 1,21,21,221,21,2, Colombia; ⁶Research Department Gihoro, Hospital Regional de Orinoquía, 1,21,21,2021,2, Colombia

Introduction: The endoscopic transorbital approach (ETOA) was developed as a minimally invasive (MIS) alternative to traditional transcranial or trans-nasal approaches. This has allowed for less brain retraction and adequate working angles to the middle fossa. To date, we have no studies in Latin America, and more specifically, no morphometric analysis of the Colombian population. This study will allow for a better understanding of the dimensions of work in our population compared to other international literature.

Methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted on adult cadaveric over 18 years of age. These specimens underwent forensic necropsy at the National Institute of Forensic Medicine – Bogotá Office. Thirty-one heads were analyzed, with 62 measurements performed using ETOA. Measurements included orbital width, height, depth, bone wall thickness, and distances to the superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, and trigeminal ganglion. Horizontal and vertical working angles were evaluated according to three surgical window categories (1: <10x10, 2:10x10 – 12x12, 3: >12x12). Statistical analyses included paired Student’s t test and Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05) (Figure 1).

Results: Orbital dimensions showed no significant bilateral differences (p>0.05). Bone thickness displayed greater variability. Distances to neurovascular landmarks and working angles are summarized in Table 1.

Conclusions: Anatomical bilateral symmetry was observed in orbital dimensions, distances to critical structures, and working angles. Variability in bone thickness emphasizes the need for individualized surgical planning to minimize risks. Additionally, small surgical windows (<10×10 mm) limit mobility and visualization, increasing difficulty and providing key anatomical references for optimizing MIS and cross-population comparisons.

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